A Powerful, Portable, And Affordable Robotic Exoskeleton

Surviving a stroke or debilitating injury is often the start of a very long ordeal. Physical therapy can be slow and strenuous with no guarantee of recovery. Robotic exoskeletons can sometimes provide the support a ravaged body needs to heal—and strength when it can’t—but they typically cost more than a car and must be anchored to a wall and plugged into a socket.

In late 2012, a team of mechanical engineering students at University of Pennsylvania set out to build a portable, affordable exoskeleton. Two semesters of late nights and long weekends later, Elizabeth Beattie, Nicholas McGill, Nick Parrotta, and Nikolay Vladimirov had the Titan Arm: an efficient, lightweight, and surprisingly powerful robotic limb. Its actuator, or electronic muscle, could provide resistance during therapeutic exercises and can augment strength, allowing its wearer to lift an additional 40 pounds with little effort.

To ensure a slimmer frame than other exoskeletons and make Titan Arm easier for patients to use, the team situated its actuator in a backpack instead of in the limb itself. They also milled load-bearing parts out of aluminum to limit weight and power consumption. McGill, the electronics lead, created a software-and-sensor package to track arm movements and wirelessly relay the data. This would allow a patient to use a Titan Arm at home and a therapist to remotely monitor the exercises.

Potential beneficiaries, including stroke victims and an injured snowboarder, have already reached out to the team with encouraging comments. The positive response to their $2,000 prototype has made Titan Arm’s makers eager to push their invention toward a finished product and, to that end, they are now designing a more refined version. “We’ve been looking at 3-D printing to fully customize components, like tailoring a suit,” says Parrotta. 

1) POWER:

Lithium-polymer battery packs provide a day’s worth of power.

2) MUSCLE:

An electric motor in the backpack winds steel cables to rotate pulleys and induce arm movement. Beattie (left) designed a support system to safely distribute weight across a hip belt, elbow straps, and back plate.

3) BRAINS:

Software reads the positions of magnetic sensors in the steel joints to instruct movement, which the operator controls from a handheld device.

Inventors: Elizabeth Beattie, Nicholas McGill, Nick Parrotta, Nikolay Vladimirov

Development cost to date: $2, 000

Company: N/A

Wingsuit

A stuntman wearing a wingsuit invented by Tony Uragallo jumped from a helicopter and plunged 731 meters (almost half a mile) before crashing into a stack of cardboard boxes.

Reaching speeds of 130 kilometers an hour (80 miles per hour), Gary Connery became the first person to fall from the sky and land without using a parachute.

"The landing was so comfortable, so soft - my calculations obviously worked out and I'm glad they did," said the 42-year-old Connery, who has performed stunts in the Harry Potter, James Bond, Indiana Jones and Batman films.

Thousands gathered in a field in Oxfordshire, England to witness the event. The crash site was a runway of 18,600 cardboard boxes stacked 45 ft wide, 12 ft high and 350 ft in length.

“We thought it was crazy. It's one of the most amazing things I've ever seen in my life” commented renowned U.S. skydiver Jeb Corliss noting that Connery plunged headfirst into the landing.

"He is obviously totally bonkers. I'm relieved it's all over," remarked his wife Vivienne.

But inventor Tony Uragallo explained that his "bird" wingsuit technology (known as the Rebel TonySuit) can dramatically slow down the plunge. Connery also wore a special neck brace to reduce the risk of spinal cord injury while crashing headfirst into the boxes.

Watch what happens when a magnet is dropped through a copper pipe

Resistive force is pretty awesome.

So what is happening here? This amazing video shows the effect of Lenz's Law - as the magnet falls it induces a current in the copper pipe.

That current creates a magnetic field that opposes the changing field of the falling magnet, so the magnet is repelled and falls more slowly. It almost looks like it's floating through the pipe.

Watch it and get excited about the power of physics (try to ignore the elevator music in the background).